Full-Face Mask
摘要
In the last few years, noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) have been used to improve oxygenation and avoid general anesthesia and intubation during endoscopic procedures. Compared to high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), NIV showed oxygenation improvement. However, there are no comparative studies between HFNC and CPAP when used during endoscopic procedures. NIV and CPAP could be an option to avoid airway collapse risk associated to deep sedation and analgesia in endoscopic procedures. New technology has been developed, and noninvasive interface masks that allow the insertion of an endoscopic probe have become available in clinical practice. Among the six types of interfaces, the full-face mask is a valid option to reduce pressure on the nasal bridge and air leaks. It has been used in several endoscopic procedures with proven benefits, especially in moderate to severe hypoxemic patients. In this chapter, we will include a brief summary of the advantages of the use of CPAP and NIV during and after endoscopic procedures and a review of CPAP/NIV interfaces and the ones specifically designed to be used during endoscopic procedures. The chapter will also include a special emphasis in full-face masks and its application in patients submitted for endoscopic procedures.