Structural battery composites are a new type of material with high strength and high modulus that can be used to store electrical energy. Photopolymer resin undergoes a chemical reaction under the action of ultraviolet light and forms a material with high heat resistance and not easily deformed under pressure. This article proposes a method of using photopolymer resin as battery materials and using a 3D printer to print structural batteries. A 3D printer is used to print the battery’s casing and solid polymer electrolyte, with coated carbon fiber fabric and glass fiber forming the structural battery. The structural batteries and solid polymer electrolytes prepared in this study have stable electrochemical properties and high mechanical properties. The coulombic efficiency that can be obtained is stable at 53%. After pressure is applied to the surface of the structural battery, the charge and discharge cycle are not affected by external forces. This preparation strategy is a new method that integrates sealing, solid polymer electrolyte preparation, and curing. It provides excellent potential for strong mechanical properties, high electrochemical performance, safety, and convenience of structural batteries.