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Because of the anisotropic properties of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CRFP) composites, novel layup architectures, such as tow-steering, can be used to tailor mechanical properties of the composite structure to the loading condition during use. In this work, a tow-steered composite panel was designed, laid up using the Integrated Structural Assembly of Advanced Composites (ISAAC) automated fiber placement (AFP) machine located at the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), and cured while simultaneously being inspected using an ultrasonic inspection system operating inside the autoclave. The composite panel contained overlaps that are intrinsic to the tow-steered design and had intentionally introduced layup defects including folds, wrinkles, splices, tow twists, foreign object debris (FOD), gaps, and additional overlaps. The inspections during the cure cycle focused on the area within the laminate containing a fold, a twist, and intrinsic overlaps. The ultrasonic inspections performed during the cure cycle were analyzed and compared to post-cure ultrasonic inspections of the entire laminate.

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Detection and Localization of a Fold, Twist, and Overlaps Within Tow-Steered Composite Panels During Autoclave Cure

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Tyler B. Hudson,
  • Cyrus J. R. Kosztowny,
  • Nicholas A. Georgiou,
  • Ryan S. Enos

摘要

Because of the anisotropic properties of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CRFP) composites, novel layup architectures, such as tow-steering, can be used to tailor mechanical properties of the composite structure to the loading condition during use. In this work, a tow-steered composite panel was designed, laid up using the Integrated Structural Assembly of Advanced Composites (ISAAC) automated fiber placement (AFP) machine located at the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), and cured while simultaneously being inspected using an ultrasonic inspection system operating inside the autoclave. The composite panel contained overlaps that are intrinsic to the tow-steered design and had intentionally introduced layup defects including folds, wrinkles, splices, tow twists, foreign object debris (FOD), gaps, and additional overlaps. The inspections during the cure cycle focused on the area within the laminate containing a fold, a twist, and intrinsic overlaps. The ultrasonic inspections performed during the cure cycle were analyzed and compared to post-cure ultrasonic inspections of the entire laminate.