The world’s forest systems, including riparian forests, have long been altered by natural events and human activities, intensifying impacts over the past century. Riparian landscape fragmentation poses a significant challenge, disrupting ecosystem resilience, altering ecological processes, and reducing biodiversity. Protected areas and landscape restoration are key strategies for addressing this issue. This chapter examines riparian forest fragmentation in Georgia using case studies from protected and unprotected areas. Remote sensing, landscape ecology, and geospatial analysis were employed to assess current fragmentation, while historical fragmentation was analysed through old literary and cartographic sources. Findings indicate that severe fragmentation has affected riparian forests and surrounding landscapes since the early eighteenth century, significantly impacting biodiversity and even causing regional extinctions of particular fauna. Although fragmentation has slowed in recent years and some reversal has been observed over the past eight years, this positive trend is primarily confined to protected areas. Riparian forests remain compromised outside these zones, highlighting the ongoing need for restoration.