Clinical Guidance Points for Maximizing the Therapeutic Relationship and Creating Change in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
摘要
In accord with the literature on clinical observations and empirical findings pertinent to the therapeutic relationship, the current chapter presents a summary of guidance points. For example, the scope of the therapeutic relationship goes beyond the framework of therapy sessions, spanning from first administrative contact to beyond termination, inclusive of interactions between sessions. Clients’ expectations for therapy have an impact on their level of engagement. Thus, it is important for the therapist to set a positive and constructive tone for treatment in their psychoeducation and treatment planning. Therapists have to be adept at recognizing and repairing ruptures in the therapeutic relationship to make adjustments, preserve the alliance, and provide corrective learning experiences for the clients. This process is assisted when therapists work to improve their self-awareness and capacity for self-correction, thus minimizing power struggles and providing clients with positive role modeling. Professional boundaries notwithstanding, there is a “realness” to the relationship between therapist and client that amplifies their bond in the form of mutual acts of kindness, appreciation for the client’s strengths, and judicious use of therapist self-disclosure. There is a delicate balance between providing clients with validation and offering them corrective feedback. There is synergy between the therapeutic alliance, the case conceptualization, and the practical techniques of CBT, with therapy providing especially strong positive impact when clients feel understood, empowered, and remembered by their therapists. All of the above is facilitated when therapists value and pursue cross-cultural understanding, adapting their work to respect the sensibilities of clients from varying backgrounds. Finally, there is early evidence that the increased use of telehealth allows for levels of client engagement comparable to in-person therapy.