From Restricted Boltzmann Machines to Deep Belief Networks: A Multi-dataset Performance Study
摘要
Over the past decade, the Deep Belief Network (DBN) has garnered significant attention within the field of machine learning due to its ability to learn hierarchical representations from complex datasets. However, deep architectures like these have shown remarkable potential in extracting meaningful representations from complex data, yet their comparative performance and practical benefits remain underexplored across diverse domains. This study investigates the performance of DBNs, which are constructed by stacking multiple Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs), on five different datasets to assess their classification accuracy. In this architecture, the hidden layer of each RBM serves as the visible layer for the next, allowing the DBN to efficiently model complex patterns by learning increasingly abstract representations at each layer. Through systematic experiments, results demonstrate that DBNs consistently outperform RBMs and other shallow models, particularly in scenarios involving high-dimensional or heterogeneous data. Furthermore, the findings also show how depth and training parameters influence performance and provide evidence that DBNs capture more abstract and discriminative features. Therefore, this work contributes to the existing body of knowledge by demonstrating the versatility and efficacy of DBNs in handling complex classification problems, highlighting their role in advancing predictive analytics and intelligent data analysis.