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Coordinate transformations are essential for connecting legacy (classical) geodetic datums and modern (globally geocentric) reference systems. Most countries originally developed terrestrial reference frames in the 19th or early 20th century, and then migrated to space-based systems (GNSS, SLR, VLBI, DORIS) as these methods became available. This paper reviews various approaches and models of coordinate transformations in North America, Australia, the Great Britain, Switzerland, Germany, and the countries of the former Yugoslavia. Particular emphasis is placed on Bosnia and Herzegovina. The horizontal and vertical (height) transformation models, methods of distortion modeling, and practical implementations in each country are discussed. Finally, a comparative table summarizes the main characteristics of these transformation approaches, serving as a reference for future research and for implementation in national geodetic practices.

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Overview of Coordinate Transformations Worldwide, in Balkan Countries and in Bosnia and Herzegovina

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Dževad Krdžalić,
  • Jasmin Ćatić,
  • Esad Vrce,
  • Džanina Omićević,
  • Ervin Režepagić

摘要

Coordinate transformations are essential for connecting legacy (classical) geodetic datums and modern (globally geocentric) reference systems. Most countries originally developed terrestrial reference frames in the 19th or early 20th century, and then migrated to space-based systems (GNSS, SLR, VLBI, DORIS) as these methods became available. This paper reviews various approaches and models of coordinate transformations in North America, Australia, the Great Britain, Switzerland, Germany, and the countries of the former Yugoslavia. Particular emphasis is placed on Bosnia and Herzegovina. The horizontal and vertical (height) transformation models, methods of distortion modeling, and practical implementations in each country are discussed. Finally, a comparative table summarizes the main characteristics of these transformation approaches, serving as a reference for future research and for implementation in national geodetic practices.