In the fifth chapter, the book engages with the debate concerning the role of the World Bank Group in relation to indigenous peoples’ rights. While most commentators have explored the possibility of regarding the organization as a holder of international human rights legal obligations on par with states based on a deductive approach, the book contends that, as an international legal actor, the Bank is bound by an emerging body of rules and principles of general international law. This argument is supported by the consolidated practice that the World Bank Group has developed, demonstrating its de facto commitment to comply with the international human rights legal framework pertaining to indigenous peoples. These considerations suggest the need for reassessing its role in relation to human rights in this area, despite the absence of explicit references to such matters in its Articles of Agreement.