Cognitive-behavioral therapy is supported by numerous randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and clinical case studies. The treatment paradigm is founded on a robust yet flexible theoretical foundation. Moreover, the approach is defined by its conceptual model rather than any set of discrete techniques. Consequently, this chapter initially focuses on theoretical constructs. Emphasis is then placed on signature therapeutic processes such as collaborative empiricism, guided discovery, and procedural flexibility. Description of specific techniques follows. Finally, the chapter concludes with a summary of relevant recent research.