The chapter will begin by looking at how the Protestant Associations responded to certain events going on in Northern Ireland, such as the hunger strikes in 1981. This will be followed by discussing the 1985 local election by an examination of what the Monaghan PA learned from the election, and how communal divisions that existed in the border counties during the 1980s played a role. The chapter will subsequently cover the 1987 general election in Donegal, examining whether the presence of an independent Unionist as a candidate could constitute a form of Southern unionism. The research will then look analytically at how the structure of the Protestant Associations changed from 1985 to the 1990s, and at what impact this had on the 1991 local elections and afterwards. In particular, it will focus on the surge of women’s representation within the Cavan and Monaghan PA from the early 1990s onwards, and on why this occurred, drawing on the analysis of shifts in Irish society. This will be followed by an investigation of the sectarian harassment from the IRA and the impact of cultural stereotypes in Irish politics. It will conclude with the 1999 local elections, explaining why the Protestant Associations ended.

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Decline and the New Millennium, 1980–2004

  • Samuel Beckton

摘要

The chapter will begin by looking at how the Protestant Associations responded to certain events going on in Northern Ireland, such as the hunger strikes in 1981. This will be followed by discussing the 1985 local election by an examination of what the Monaghan PA learned from the election, and how communal divisions that existed in the border counties during the 1980s played a role. The chapter will subsequently cover the 1987 general election in Donegal, examining whether the presence of an independent Unionist as a candidate could constitute a form of Southern unionism. The research will then look analytically at how the structure of the Protestant Associations changed from 1985 to the 1990s, and at what impact this had on the 1991 local elections and afterwards. In particular, it will focus on the surge of women’s representation within the Cavan and Monaghan PA from the early 1990s onwards, and on why this occurred, drawing on the analysis of shifts in Irish society. This will be followed by an investigation of the sectarian harassment from the IRA and the impact of cultural stereotypes in Irish politics. It will conclude with the 1999 local elections, explaining why the Protestant Associations ended.