Empirical Evidence: Research on the Psychological Effects of Remote Exposure to Trauma
摘要
Grounded in qualitative and quantitative data, this chapter presents the first comprehensive synthesis of research findings on RET. It reviews existing literature and introduces novel case studies from the author’s fieldwork with Syrian, Palestinian, and Turkish diaspora international students affected by conflicts in their home countries. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) and psychometric surveys, the chapter illustrates how RET manifests psychologically, ranging from anxiety and helplessness to identity conflict and moral injury. It emphasizes the lived experiences of diaspora who navigate professional (including academic) and personal challenges while remaining psychologically tethered to distant sources of suffering. Findings reveal RET’s multidimensional nature and clinical relevance, including symptoms akin to PTSD and functional impairment. The chapter also introduces the RETIS (Remote Exposure to Trauma Impact Scale) as a preliminary instrument developed to measure RET’s psychological impact and manifestations. Collectively, the evidence underscores RET’s legitimacy as a distinct form of trauma with far-reaching implications.