The mTOR pathway has significant effects on the conjunctiva, influencing its development, homeostasis, and response to various pathological conditions. The conjunctiva, being a dynamic tissue with roles in ocular surface protection, immune surveillance, and tear production, is influenced by mTOR signaling. The mTOR pathway is a central regulator of conjunctival homeostasis and pathological conditions, influencing epithelial repair, fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, immune modulation, and tumor growth. Targeting mTOR presents therapeutic potential in conditions such as dry eye syndrome, pterygium, fibrosis, malignancies, and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), offering new avenues for intervention in ocular surfaces and orbital diseases.