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Vehicles are increasingly equipped with Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) that enhance safety by helping drivers respond to critical situations in urban traffic and protecting Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs). This study explores factors related to workload and situational awareness that influence the driving experience and interaction with ADAS in simulated environments. An exploratory mixed-method approach utilizing self-assessment measures and interviews was conducted with 20 drivers in a driving simulator across two urban traffic scenarios. After each simulator round, participants completed self-assessment questionnaires to evaluate workload and situational awareness, followed by individual interviews to gain insights into how the factors impacted their experience. The findings revealed that mental demand, performance, and frustration were more strongly associated with the overall simulation experience than with specific ADAS features. In terms of situational awareness, drivers’ experience was primarily influenced by the demand for attention, as they balanced focus between the simulation environment and the ADAS messages issued by the pedestrian warning system.

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Workload and Situational Awareness Evaluation in Urban Traffic Scenarios: An Investigation on the Constructs of Self-assessment Instruments

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Anelise Barros,
  • Joelma Choma,
  • Roberto Silva Netto,
  • Marc Gonzalez Capdevila,
  • Luciana Zaina

摘要

Vehicles are increasingly equipped with Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) that enhance safety by helping drivers respond to critical situations in urban traffic and protecting Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs). This study explores factors related to workload and situational awareness that influence the driving experience and interaction with ADAS in simulated environments. An exploratory mixed-method approach utilizing self-assessment measures and interviews was conducted with 20 drivers in a driving simulator across two urban traffic scenarios. After each simulator round, participants completed self-assessment questionnaires to evaluate workload and situational awareness, followed by individual interviews to gain insights into how the factors impacted their experience. The findings revealed that mental demand, performance, and frustration were more strongly associated with the overall simulation experience than with specific ADAS features. In terms of situational awareness, drivers’ experience was primarily influenced by the demand for attention, as they balanced focus between the simulation environment and the ADAS messages issued by the pedestrian warning system.