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This study explores the emotional expression capabilities of screen-faced social robots, focusing on babyface characteristics and cultural perceptions of these expressions. Specifically, we investigate how Brazilian users interpret the emotional expressions displayed by the Zenbo robot, originally designed in an Asian context. Leveraging Ekman’s universal emotions, the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), and Russell’s Circumplex Model of Affect (CMA), we analyze differences in emotional perception during interactions with a foreign social robot through an exploratory case study. Our findings reveal significant variations, particularly in the perception of negative emotions and the intensity of valence. These insights emphasize the need for culturally adaptive robotic design to foster more natural and meaningful human-robot interactions. By investigating affective computing and cultural psychology, this research provides valuable design recommendations for developing socially inclusive robots that enhance engagement across diverse cultural contexts.

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An Exploratory Study on Emotions Conveyed Through Facial Expressions in Screen-Face Social Robots: Cultural Perception and Design Implications in Developing Countries

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Rafaella Fernandes,
  • Larissa Costa,
  • Priscila Machado,
  • Judith Kelner

摘要

This study explores the emotional expression capabilities of screen-faced social robots, focusing on babyface characteristics and cultural perceptions of these expressions. Specifically, we investigate how Brazilian users interpret the emotional expressions displayed by the Zenbo robot, originally designed in an Asian context. Leveraging Ekman’s universal emotions, the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), and Russell’s Circumplex Model of Affect (CMA), we analyze differences in emotional perception during interactions with a foreign social robot through an exploratory case study. Our findings reveal significant variations, particularly in the perception of negative emotions and the intensity of valence. These insights emphasize the need for culturally adaptive robotic design to foster more natural and meaningful human-robot interactions. By investigating affective computing and cultural psychology, this research provides valuable design recommendations for developing socially inclusive robots that enhance engagement across diverse cultural contexts.