Voice is an acoustic cue to our health and well-being. A change in voice quality may be the symptom of a structural, neurologic, or functional voice disorder. It may also be a laryngeal manifestation of a systemic disease. Patient history and auditory perceptual evaluation are essential in the workup of a dysphonic patient. Acoustic and aerodynamic analysis helps substantiate patient-reported outcome measures. Nevertheless, the diagnosis of voice disorders hinges on adequate visualization of the vocal folds. Laryngeal examination can be performed using a flexible nasopharyngoscope and/or a telescope. Stroboscopy is essential for a better understanding of the behavior of the vocal fold cover. This chapter provides an overview of the workup of patients presenting with hoarseness, with an emphasis on vocal history, auditory perceptual evaluation, and laryngeal examination.