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The chapter analyses Central European executive dualism during the Russian annexation of Crimea and the war in eastern Ukraine in 2014. The countries of the region remained divided in their attitude. Poland was the most strongly anti-Russian, and this position resulted from a consensus within the executive. The situation in other countries was more complex. In Czechia, the pro-Russian President Miloš ZemanZeman, Miloš overshadowed the government of Prime Minister Bohuslav SobotkaSobotka, Bohuslav, which was split. Hungary was already fully dominated by an authoritarian and pro-Russian Prime Minister Viktor OrbánOrbán, Viktor, so there could not have been a conflict within the executive. Slovakia just held a presidential election in which a pro-Western candidate, Andrej KiskaKiska, Andrej, won. After the elections, a conflict broke out between the president and the pro-Russian Prime Minister Robert FicoFico, Robert, which divided Slovak foreign policy and attitudes towards the war. The Russian aggression thus clearly demonstrated the potential for divisive foreign policy in Central European states when such a fundamental dilemma as an orientation to the East or the West is at stake.

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Crimea and Eastern Ukraine: Values, Security, and Business

  • 章节

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Lubomír Kopeček,
  • Michal Kubát,
  • Vít Hloušek

摘要

The chapter analyses Central European executive dualism during the Russian annexation of Crimea and the war in eastern Ukraine in 2014. The countries of the region remained divided in their attitude. Poland was the most strongly anti-Russian, and this position resulted from a consensus within the executive. The situation in other countries was more complex. In Czechia, the pro-Russian President Miloš ZemanZeman, Miloš overshadowed the government of Prime Minister Bohuslav SobotkaSobotka, Bohuslav, which was split. Hungary was already fully dominated by an authoritarian and pro-Russian Prime Minister Viktor OrbánOrbán, Viktor, so there could not have been a conflict within the executive. Slovakia just held a presidential election in which a pro-Western candidate, Andrej KiskaKiska, Andrej, won. After the elections, a conflict broke out between the president and the pro-Russian Prime Minister Robert FicoFico, Robert, which divided Slovak foreign policy and attitudes towards the war. The Russian aggression thus clearly demonstrated the potential for divisive foreign policy in Central European states when such a fundamental dilemma as an orientation to the East or the West is at stake.