This essay explores the reception and reinterpretation of Black Theology in Brazil, focusing on its historical emergence in the United States and its complex adaptation within the Brazilian context. Rooted in the struggle of Black Churches during and after slavery, James H. Cone’s theology of liberation was never a purely theoretical enterprise—it was an expression of communal resistance grounded in lived experience. The work analyzes how figures like Ronilso Pacheco and Henrique Vieira attempt to reintroduce Cone’s ideas in Brazil during the rise of Bolsonarism and in the wake of global anti-racist movements. Pacheco offers a postcolonial reinterpretation marked by abstract universals and a diasporic identity framework, while Vieira proposes a near-replication of Cone’s original theology. Both, however, fail to account for the specific socio-religious context of Black Brazilians, where Afro-Brazilian religions—not Protestantism—have historically played a central emancipatory role. The essay argues that importing U.S. Black Theology without anchoring it in local community experience risks turning it into a discursive spectacle, detached from the material and spiritual bases of Black Brazilian struggle. Ultimately, the relevance of theology lies not in transplanting ideological frameworks but in responding to the theological demands of concrete, lived struggles.