This chapter discusses the Black condition. The legacies of slavery, colonialism and apartheid constitute the Black condition. By the Black condition, the chapter means Black’s political, economic, social and cultural predicament as a result of the dehumanization and injustice they suffered and are suffering. In the Black condition, although the role of Whites (in their historical and contemporary relationships and interactions with Blacks) is prominent, we should not forget the roles of others, even Blacks themselves. For instance, the contemporary roles of the Chinese and Russians in Africa, for good or bad, must be factored in when discussing the Black condition. More importantly, the four-fold historical roles of the Arabs, namely, slavery, conquest, colonization and lslamization, must be considered. Even the question of Black guilt must be considered too because neither chattel slavery nor colonialism (especially British indirect rule and French assimilation and association) would have been possible or at least effective without the complicity of Black people.