Rivers are historic resources and key components of human civilization, but our track record of managing these vital resources, especially in the last century, has been marred by shortsightedness. Owing to extensive anthropological activities including diversions, storage, vegetation removal and other habitat destruction, damming, invasive species introduction, and pollution, many of the world's rivers and catchments are currently degraded. It has long been established and proven that these changes have detrimental consequences on aquatic ecosystems, and it is now well acknowledged that rivers are under stress. River restoration initiatives have been launched all over the world to revitalize and return rivers to their natural state in response to this challenge. This chapter discusses river restoration along with watershed management, giving an overview of different techniques used for river restoration. Also, watershed management approaches along with watershed management technologies are discussed in detail, with a gist of river restoration and watershed management programs in India.