Cardiovascular monitoring through wearable devices: revolutionising healthcare with real-time, in-vivo heart health data Collection outside of the clinic. This review summarizes the potential applications, challenges, and future directions of cardiovascular wearable devices. Such wearable devices in the form of smartwatches, chest straps, Electrocardiogram (ECG) patches, etc., can record multiple cardiovascular parameters (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure, ECG, oxygen saturation, etc.) in order to enable the early diagnosis of diseases like arrhythmia, hypertension, heart failure, etc. Cardiovascular wearables have tremendous promise, as they enable remote monitoring and real-time data gathering, both of which can facilitate personalized treatment and active disease management. However, several challenges must be overcome before these devices are widely used ensuring data accuracy, maintaining patient adherence, addressing cybersecurity and privacy concerns, and integrating wearable data into clinical workflows. Clinical integration is also complicated by the heterogeneity of device accuracy and a lack of regulatory oversight. Developments related to sensor accuracy, data analytics, and artificial intelligence will enhance the reliability and usability of these devices. However, despite looking ahead, expected next steps include continued sensor miniaturization, battery life improvement, and predictive analytics algorithm development. Thus, if technology continues to develop and if challenges are successfully managed, cardiovascular wearable devices may play a key role in moving the field of preventative cardiology forward, ultimately improving patient outcomes with continuous, individualized monitoring.