The environment is crucial for the operational effectiveness of the military. It is incorporated in all facets of military planning (also known as ‘military appreciation’) for various purposes, ranging from concealment, mobility, use of equipment and outmaneuvering the adversary. At the same time, the military can be extremely destructive to the sustainability of the environment through its heavy machinery and weapons that may negatively impact the geophysical well-being of the areas where they operate, including soil, vegetation, air and noise. Despite this massive impact of the military on the environment, it has not been called upon to account for its emissions and its potential contribution to the net-zero targets. Furthermore, the defence industrial complex, which is responsible for supplying military hardware that is used for military operations, does not seem to have any significant pressure to pursue green technologies This chapter explores the potential role that the military and defence industry sector can play towards adopting green technologies. Given that the most lucrative defence markets are located in the Middle East, the European Union and North America, it is a matter of time before stringent provisions are made for the military to comply with green targets in the importing countries. Furthermore, this chapter looks at the challenges and prospects for the African militaries to transition into green technologies, while also ensuring internal alignment for domestic consumption and compliance.