Vietnam is facing the early deterioration of its bridge and road systems due to increased traffic volume, high temperatures, and heavy rainfall, while the funding for maintenance has not met the actual needs. During the period from 2013 to 2024, the Government implemented various comprehensive measures to enhance the effectiveness of maintenance activities, such as reforming management methods, strengthening planning efforts, and increasing revenue sources for maintenance. However, several shortcomings still persist in this field. By reviewing domestic and international literature and analyzing the characteristics of road infrastructure that affect maintenance activities, this paper assesses the current state of maintenance in Vietnam from 2013 to 2024, along with identifying existing issues and limitations. Thereby this paper proposes several solutions to improve the management of road infrastructure maintenance in Vietnam for the period 2025–2030.