Sustainable agriculture is under pressure from resource depletion, climate change, and the growing demand for food. Green nanotechnology offers a promising solution by using natural sources like plant extracts and microorganisms to create nanomaterials with specific properties and functionalities for sustainable agriculture. Key applications include nanofertilizers for better nutrient absorption, nanopesticides with lower toxicity, and nanosensors for real-time soil and crop health monitoring. These innovations help use resources more efficiently, minimize agricultural waste, and support circular economy practices. Nevertheless, large-scale applications are still under study, such as improving the synthesis processes, establishing clear regulations for the use and disposal of the nanomaterials (NMs), and ensuring cost-effectiveness. Future research should focus on making NMs more stable, understanding their long-term environmental impact, and integrating them with precision agriculture. Combining green nanotechnology with sustainable farming can play a crucial role in improving food security while protecting the environment.