Based on the biomimetic approach, an innovative plate heat exchanger (PHE) design that integrates bionic ribbed labyrinth patterns inspired by capsules, was performed and investigated numerically. The paper aims to focus on the impact of the obstacles arrangement types (straight α = 90° and inclined α = 45°) on its flow behavior and thermal effectiveness under a Reynolds number Re between 500 and 2500. To prove the correctness and accuracy of the CFD approach, a mesh independence investigation was conducted using Ansys Fluent. The k-ε standard model of turbulence was chosen. To verify agreement with previous experimental research, the computational results were compared. In terms of thermal effectiveness ε, the novel design enhanced its thermal performance over the conventional chevron-type PHE by 12%.