Practice—Governing and Shaping Emerging Technologies
摘要
This chapter examines the “practice” pillar of digital autonomy, focusing on how states operationalize digital sovereignty through concrete policy instruments, regulatory models, and capacity-building frameworks. Practice refers to the normative and institutional dimensions of sovereignty: the laws, standards, and investments that enable nations to govern their digital environments and assert strategic agency. Drawing on diverse national models—including the European Union’s rights-based governance, the United States’ innovation-centric approach, China’s state-led ideological framework, and hybrid strategies in the Global South—the chapter reveals how states tailor their digital sovereignty strategies according to political systems and development goals. In addition to formal regulation, responsible innovation frameworks and public R&D investments play a central role in embedding national values into technological ecosystems. Case studies such as the EU AI Act, the U.S. CHIPS Act, Singapore’s AI sandboxes, and Türkiye’s domestic chip initiatives illustrate the multifaceted tools used to build technological autonomy. The chapter argues that practice is not ancillary but essential to sovereignty in the digital age. Without enforceable norms and institutional capacity, digital autonomy remains a rhetorical claim rather than a functional reality. Ultimately, the effectiveness of a state’s digital sovereignty depends on how skillfully it transforms policy into governance and ideals into operational control.