Evading immune destruction is a recognized hallmark of cancer and has been a major research focus, driving significant advancements in the development of novel therapies over the past two decades [1]. The immune system’s ability to either promote or inhibit tumor development is known as immune editing, a process that progresses through three distinct phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape [2, 3]. The elimination phase is the equivalent to the Macfarlane Burnet’s theory of cancer immunosurveillance that relates to the capacity of immune cells to identify and eliminate cancer cells [4]. Malignant cells that evade eradication by the innate or adaptive immune systems progress to the equilibrium phase, where selective pressures favor the survival of cells with reduced immunogenicity [5]. During the equilibrium phase, the overall tumor size remains unchanged; however, high cell turnover and selective pressures ultimately promote immune tolerance [5]. Once these tolerant populations survive the equilibrium phase, a progression to escape phase follows, that is characterized by a clinically detectable disease. Immune editing is not restricted to tumor genesis and is evident during intervention with immunotherapy which can promote equilibrium and even eradication of the tumor by unleashing the immune system.