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The classic definition of cancer is a disease in which cells grow uncontrollably and with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. While this definition is accurate, it is also true that cancer, at its essence, is a disease of multicellularity in which a genetically and/or epigenetically distinct cell takes on the properties of a single-celled organism from within a multicellular organism. The emergence of cancer is so intimately connected to multicellularity that almost all multicellular organisms have cancer or cancer-like phenomena wherein cells no longer contribute to normal tissue or organ functions, but instead, they divide uncontrollably to form invasive local tumors and metastases [1]. Viewing cancer as a feature that is inexorably linked to multicellularity presents an opportunity to discover fundamental properties of cancer, uncover potentially actionable mechanisms of cancer protection, and evaluate new treatments in nonhuman models of cancer, such as companion animals. Herein, we focus on the use of studies in companion animals as a means to facilitate the translation of novel therapies for humans and other animals with cancer.

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Integrating Comparative Oncology into the Translational Workflow

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Suzanne Bartholf DeWitt,
  • Heather L. Gardner,
  • Nicole Cantor,
  • Nicole Levine,
  • Isabelle McMullen,
  • Joanne Tuohy,
  • Beatrice Schleupner,
  • Veronica Colmenares,
  • William C. Eward,
  • Jason A. Somarelli

摘要

The classic definition of cancer is a disease in which cells grow uncontrollably and with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. While this definition is accurate, it is also true that cancer, at its essence, is a disease of multicellularity in which a genetically and/or epigenetically distinct cell takes on the properties of a single-celled organism from within a multicellular organism. The emergence of cancer is so intimately connected to multicellularity that almost all multicellular organisms have cancer or cancer-like phenomena wherein cells no longer contribute to normal tissue or organ functions, but instead, they divide uncontrollably to form invasive local tumors and metastases [1]. Viewing cancer as a feature that is inexorably linked to multicellularity presents an opportunity to discover fundamental properties of cancer, uncover potentially actionable mechanisms of cancer protection, and evaluate new treatments in nonhuman models of cancer, such as companion animals. Herein, we focus on the use of studies in companion animals as a means to facilitate the translation of novel therapies for humans and other animals with cancer.