The chapter begins by explaining how the Minster of Commerce, Clémentel, organised his regional reform of 1918 through the creation of regional groupings of chambers of commerce. It examines the influences which help understand his motivation. The chapter then goes on to analyse various attempts to give the economic regions the full legal powers which were not conferred on them in 1918. It suggests that the individual chambers’ jealousy of their own independence blocked further progress until the government decided to go ahead with legislation granting full legal powers in 1938.