How can we set a positive agenda for vocational education and training (VET) in international discourse and the research community? Despite its critical role in education systems and labor markets worldwide, VET remains relatively underrepresented in contemporary literature on education, which often prioritizes primary or higher education. Moreover, the predominantly problem-focused approach in many disciplines has led to a skewed narrative about the key aspects of VET, overshadowing its potential and achievements. The diversity of how VET systems are organized and connected to their respective educational and economic contexts further complicates cross-national comparisons. Yet, the shared features of VET—such as its emphasis on practical training, certification for specific vocations, and strong collaboration with business and industry—offer compelling grounds for international dialogue and analysis. In this book, we have brought together scholars from across the globe to explore VET through the lens of opportunity structures. Through case studies and conceptual discussions, the contributors highlight how VET serves as a powerful vehicle for personal development, social mobility, and labor market inclusion. The goal is to illuminate the potential of VET, showcasing positive aspects and how it enriches lives, fosters lifelong learning, and creates pathways for individuals to participate in society and the economy.