Comparative Preclinical Study of a Solid and a Porous Hip Stem for Canine Femora Using Finite Element Analysis
摘要
The hip joint of heavier dogs gets flattened due to complications like hip dysplasia and osteoarthritis, leading to hip luxation. Total Hip Replacement (THR) is a common surgical treatment, in which artificial hip stems replace the natural hip joint. Although solid hip stems are majorly used, current research is shifting towards porous implants. The purpose of this study was to design a novel porous hip stem for canine femora and to run a comparative analysis with a solid hip stem. Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) gyroid structures were used to design the porous implant due to their light weight and ability to mimic the bone internal structure. In the finite element analysis (FEA), static compressive load was applied to the virtually implanted bone-stem models and the intact femur separately by mimicking the realistic loading conditions. Dynamic load was also applied to the hip stems based on gait cycle studies. Additionally, fatigue simulations were performed to assess the structural resilience of the implanted femur and stress shielding was evaluated. The porous implant showed lesser stress shielding as compared to the solid implant and was considered safe based on the simulation results. By assessing biomechanical parameters, the present study explored potential improvements in porous implants for canine femora.