The evolution of connected vehicle technologies, particularly vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, presents new challenges in ensuring safety and security. Functional safety and cybersecurity, once considered separate domains, are now deeply interconnected, working together to protect modern transportation autonomous driving systems from both unintentional failures and intentional threats. In V2X environments, a vulnerability in one area can directly impact the other - for example, a cyber-attack can compromise the functionality of safety-critical systems. This paper analyses the overlap, interdependencies, and potential conflicts between ISO 26262 and ISO/SAE 21434 in the V2X context, the two leading standards that address safety and security in automotive systems. It highlights scenarios where security measures may unintentionally hinder security functions and vice versa. Through comparative examination, it identifies conceptual and procedural gaps that arise when both standards are applied in parallel, especially in distributed, real-time V2X communication scenarios. A joint consideration of both domains is essential to enable resilient and trustworthy V2X communications that meet the complex demands of future connected mobility.

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Security and Safety Interrelationships in the V2X Context

  • Hüseyin Rahmi Gök,
  • Elaheh Gol Hashem,
  • Walter Sebron

摘要

The evolution of connected vehicle technologies, particularly vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, presents new challenges in ensuring safety and security. Functional safety and cybersecurity, once considered separate domains, are now deeply interconnected, working together to protect modern transportation autonomous driving systems from both unintentional failures and intentional threats. In V2X environments, a vulnerability in one area can directly impact the other - for example, a cyber-attack can compromise the functionality of safety-critical systems. This paper analyses the overlap, interdependencies, and potential conflicts between ISO 26262 and ISO/SAE 21434 in the V2X context, the two leading standards that address safety and security in automotive systems. It highlights scenarios where security measures may unintentionally hinder security functions and vice versa. Through comparative examination, it identifies conceptual and procedural gaps that arise when both standards are applied in parallel, especially in distributed, real-time V2X communication scenarios. A joint consideration of both domains is essential to enable resilient and trustworthy V2X communications that meet the complex demands of future connected mobility.