Cooperatives are social groups that play a significant role in strengthening the local economy. However, the management of cooperatives still experiences many obstacles and challenges. This study tries to evaluate how social entrepreneurial orientation affects cooperative performance. This study also analyzes business planning as a mediating variable. In addition, the social and economic context is also analyzed as a factor that influences social entrepreneurial orientation and cooperative performance. The population in this study were cooperatives located in the Indragiri Hilir and Bengkalis Regency areas. Cooperative managers, including the chairman, secretary, and treasurer, are the respondents in this study. This study uses a questionnaire survey that is sent directly and uses a Google form. A total of 282 respondents completed the questionnaire, and the data was processed using Smart PLS. The test results suggest that social entrepreneurial orientation influences cooperative performance. Social entrepreneurial orientation affects business planning, which in turn affects performance. This demonstrates that company planning can buffer the impact of the social entrepreneurial mindset on performance. The socio-economic context has also been shown to strengthen the influence of social entrepreneurial orientation on performance. The results of the study contribute to the importance of government support in providing training to improve social entrepreneurship and business planning skills for cooperative managers. In addition, support in subsidies, infrastructure support, and financing are also needed to improve the socio-economy of the community.