Durability Study on Replacement of Cement by Iron Ore Tailings in Stamped Pavement Blocks
摘要
This study explores the viability of partially replacing cement with iron ore tailings (IOT) at 25% replacement rate in the production of stamped pavement blocks. The primary objective is to assess the long-term durability, microstructural characteristics, and environmental and economic implications of this replacement. Durability assessments include tests for sulphate attack, chloride ponding via titration, prolonged water immersion, and abrasion resistance. Microstructural analyses are conducted using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to evaluate the internal structure and phase composition of the modified concrete. The environmental impact is assessed by examining the reduction in CO2 emissions and the utilization of mining waste, while economic feasibility is evaluated by analysing cost savings from reduced cement usage and potential benefits in waste management. Findings indicate that incorporating 25% iron ore tailing as a cement substitute enhances the durability of pavement blocks, as evidenced by improved resistance to sulphate and chloride attacks, reduced water absorption, and increased abrasion resistance. SEM and XRD analyses reveal a denser microstructure and favourable phase compositions, contributing to the material's enhanced performance. Environmentally, the substitution leads to a significant reduction in CO2 emissions and promotes the sustainable utilization of industrial waste. Economically, the approach offers cost savings in material procurement and waste management. Overall, the partial replacement of cement with iron ore tailings in stamped pavement blocks presents a promising strategy for developing durable, sustainable, and cost-effective construction materials.