That the Past Still Exists Is the Foundation of the World
摘要
This chapter argues that the existence of the past sustains and stabilizes the present, thus making the present much easier to make sense of. Plato’s “Eleatic Principle”, together with the idea that the past affects the present, is presented as an argument for the conclusion of this chapter. Then, it is shown that the idea of causal chains does not preclude the fact that events in the more distant past can be seen as the cause of present effects—using an argument that looks at possible worlds and “nodes” in the more distant past that are associated with a present state of the world in many possible worlds. This stabilizing influence of the past can be seen as positive in terms of lived experience, because with it we do not have to carry the full weight of our existence now. Rather, we can—metaphorically speaking—understand our present existence as the tip of a branch growing on a big tree that holds and supports us.