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This chapter examines corporate responsibility, Indigenous People’s rights, and gender justice through the experiences of Mongolian herder women impacted by mining in the Gobi Desert. Despite international frameworks like the UNGPs and OECD Guidelines, corporate accountability remains largely gender-blind, failing to address Indigenous women’s unique vulnerabilities. Using doctrinal analysis and a case study, the paper explores how mining activities disrupts herding practices, displaces communities, and exacerbates gender inequalities. It critiques gaps in Mongolia’s legal frameworks, including weak enforcement of Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) and Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIAs), which often exclude women’s voices. Additionally, it highlights the limitations of Local Cooperation Agreements (LCAs), which reinforce patriarchal decision-making and marginalise herder women in fair benefit-sharing. The study calls for gender-responsive corporate accountability, including stronger FPIC implementation, robust gender impact assessments, and environmental and social safeguards. By centring herder women’s experiences, it advocates for corporate and policy reforms that uphold Indigenous sovereignty, environmental sustainability, and gender equity.

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Voices from the Gobi: Centring Indigenous Women in the Global Standards on Corporate Responsibility for Indigenous Peoples

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Otgontuya Davaanyam,
  • Baigalmaa Shurka

摘要

This chapter examines corporate responsibility, Indigenous People’s rights, and gender justice through the experiences of Mongolian herder women impacted by mining in the Gobi Desert. Despite international frameworks like the UNGPs and OECD Guidelines, corporate accountability remains largely gender-blind, failing to address Indigenous women’s unique vulnerabilities. Using doctrinal analysis and a case study, the paper explores how mining activities disrupts herding practices, displaces communities, and exacerbates gender inequalities. It critiques gaps in Mongolia’s legal frameworks, including weak enforcement of Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) and Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIAs), which often exclude women’s voices. Additionally, it highlights the limitations of Local Cooperation Agreements (LCAs), which reinforce patriarchal decision-making and marginalise herder women in fair benefit-sharing. The study calls for gender-responsive corporate accountability, including stronger FPIC implementation, robust gender impact assessments, and environmental and social safeguards. By centring herder women’s experiences, it advocates for corporate and policy reforms that uphold Indigenous sovereignty, environmental sustainability, and gender equity.