In recent years, multiple domains and fields have revolutionized, including biomedical, biotechnology, nanobiotechnology, and clinical settings, as a result of the practical utilization of ionic liquids, nanofluids, and nanoparticles, with a remarkable effect on human health and disease treatment. Also, the function of ionic liquids in enzyme stabilization, protein purification, and medication delivery, along with their prospects in electrochemistry and catalysis, was explored, and recent breakthroughs and uses of these novel materials, alongside their multidisciplinary links, were discussed. Nanofluids were assessed for their remarkable thermal conductivity, lubricating efficiency, and potential use in drug delivery systems, with the usefulness of nanoparticles for their adaptability in biomedical imaging, targeted medicine, and diagnostic applications. Additionally, the therapeutic applications of these materials include cancer therapy, infectious illness management, and regenerative medicine. This chapter also provides a summary of the existing knowledge and prospective developments in the burgeoning domain of nanotechnology and biomaterials research.