Peace has been elusive among communities and ethnic groups that had hitherto lived in tranquillity, harmony, social cohesion, and tolerance. Today, the most cohesive ethnic groups of Hausa and Fulani, who lived in harmony and peaceful co-existence for several centuries, have suddenly, for various reasons, turned against one another. The raging violent armed banditry and its dynamics and trends in kidnapping, cattle rustling, forced labour, killings, rape, arson, destruction of farmland, etc. are arguably seen as a Fulanization of conflict—Fulanis against Hausa. This paper argues that, despite what could be scientifically explained as drivers of modern conflict and violence evident in violent armed banditry, the conflict itself is a manifestation of the erosion and even total decay of the rich historical cultural heritage that embodied the Hausa and Fulani, and which bound them together in peace and harmony for social progress and development. The papers would, therefore, submit that the project of peacebuilding following the seeming end of the violent armed banditry should be anchored on the framework of reinventing those classical cultural heritages, regardless of the complexities and existential contradictions of such endeavours. In any case, peacebuilding is never a simplistic social project.