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As Artificial Intelligence (AI) rapidly integrates into children’s daily life, fostering AI literacy is essential for ensuring their reflective and responsible engagement with AI. This study presents a design and its evaluation of how an AI-powered chatbot, KinderGPT, can serve as a tool for both implicit and explicit teaching of AI literacy to children aged 6–12. Using the original design of the chatbot aimed to introduce AI to children implicitly through content generation and interaction, we integrate interactive educational materials that explicitly teach main AI concepts and functionalities. The materials on AI literacy were developed based on UNESCO’s AI Competency Framework for Students and the AI Literacy Framework developed by Digital Promise for K-12 education in the US to cover three main competencies: (1) understand, (2) evaluate, and (3) use. Five conversational AI-student interaction scenarios were developed through a co-design process with research, teaching, and technology experts to ensure pedagogical relevance and appropriate technological implementation. These scenarios were subsequently used as contextual embeddings within the KinderGPT software to provide a basis for the generation of AI literacy content in child-AI interactions. To evaluate the effectiveness of this approach, usability tests were conducted through semi-structured interviews to evaluate users’ engagement with the chatbot and their understanding and reflections on the AI use. The findings offer practical recommendations for integrating AI literacy principles into AI-driven educational tools, ensuring children’s meaningful and responsible engagement with AI. This research contributes to the growing discourse on AI literacy in education by demonstrating how AI-powered applications can be designed to not only support knowledge acquisition but also foster ethical reasoning and critical AI awareness. Future work will explore scaling KinderGPT’s AI literacy components, assessing its long-term impact, and refining its interactive features to further enhance children’s learning experiences.

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KinderGPT: Promoting Children’s AI Literacy Through Conversational AI – Usability Evaluation and Practical Insights

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Rebecca Pape,
  • Kateryna Zabolotna

摘要

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) rapidly integrates into children’s daily life, fostering AI literacy is essential for ensuring their reflective and responsible engagement with AI. This study presents a design and its evaluation of how an AI-powered chatbot, KinderGPT, can serve as a tool for both implicit and explicit teaching of AI literacy to children aged 6–12. Using the original design of the chatbot aimed to introduce AI to children implicitly through content generation and interaction, we integrate interactive educational materials that explicitly teach main AI concepts and functionalities. The materials on AI literacy were developed based on UNESCO’s AI Competency Framework for Students and the AI Literacy Framework developed by Digital Promise for K-12 education in the US to cover three main competencies: (1) understand, (2) evaluate, and (3) use. Five conversational AI-student interaction scenarios were developed through a co-design process with research, teaching, and technology experts to ensure pedagogical relevance and appropriate technological implementation. These scenarios were subsequently used as contextual embeddings within the KinderGPT software to provide a basis for the generation of AI literacy content in child-AI interactions. To evaluate the effectiveness of this approach, usability tests were conducted through semi-structured interviews to evaluate users’ engagement with the chatbot and their understanding and reflections on the AI use. The findings offer practical recommendations for integrating AI literacy principles into AI-driven educational tools, ensuring children’s meaningful and responsible engagement with AI. This research contributes to the growing discourse on AI literacy in education by demonstrating how AI-powered applications can be designed to not only support knowledge acquisition but also foster ethical reasoning and critical AI awareness. Future work will explore scaling KinderGPT’s AI literacy components, assessing its long-term impact, and refining its interactive features to further enhance children’s learning experiences.