Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS) have emerged as key enablers of smart manufacturing, integrating intelligent sensing, decentralized production control, and adaptive decision-making to enhance efficiency and resilience. However, increasing the systems’ complexity level introduces dynamic uncertainties, time-dependent interactions, and unpredictable disruptions that create new challenges for existing automation strategies. While some literature proposed architectural frameworks for the resilient CPPS as a solution, they often lack a holistic integration of adaptive decision-making, predictive resilience mechanisms, and uncertainty management. This paper proposes a system architecture for resilient CPPS, incorporating real-time monitoring, uncertainty-informed design decisions, and resilience-oriented control to enhance adaptability and robustness. Additionally, this study explores technological alternatives for resilient CPPS development. The research findings contribute a structured system architecture for designing a resilient CPPS.