Tackling Energy Insecurity: A Long-Term Energy Demand Modelling for Ghana’s Sustainable Future
摘要
Attaining universal access is paramount in global energy security analysis, especially in developing economies, such as Ghana. Underpinned by the energy efficiency theory, the study conducted a scenario analysis to project the implications of various adoption pathways of energy demand on Ghana’s energy landscape. Using 2019 as the base year, the study modelled the effects of different socioeconomic scenarios on final energy demand in Ghana. The Model for Analysis of Energy Demand (MAED-2) was used to project the future final energy demand from 2019 to 2070. The findings indicated a high surge in total future final energy demand across all scenarios. The results revealed that if the economy is able to progress and achieved the high economic growth (HEG) targets, energy demand in the HEG scenario would be four times that of business-as-usual projections. The study also established that while penetration of modern energy technologies is more efficient, their adoption can lead to an increase in overall energy consumption due to greater convenience and higher usage rates. Incentives that are toward investment in clean energy technologies, subsidies for clean energy projects, and stringent regulations on energy efficiency standards are to be encouraged.