The resilience concept is indispensable for achieving the SDGs by 2030 under the current global turbulence. Multidimensional resilience is vital for Ukraine to withstand large-scale military shocks. The purpose of our study is to clarify the role of social resilience of the Ukrainian economy in its post-war reconstruction, solidarization and future sustainable development. The research methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach. A conceptual model is proposed for the social resilience of the Ukrainian economy, based on three pillars: employment and labor potential; solvent consumer demand; social support for the population. The results of the research revealed the most significant societal risks for post-war Ukraine as: (1) further deepening of the acute demographic crisis; (2) a significant increase in poverty; (3) differentiation of the social environment as a result of mass forced displacement of citizens; (4) a significant number undeclared weapons in the country; (5) lack of an effective adaptation of war veterans to civilian life. A necessary step for the national government is the implementation of a state policy aimed at minimizing the specified social risks, which will ultimately contribute to the strengthening of the Food–Energy–Water–Social–Environmental nexus and the strengthening of Ukrainian societal resilience.