In the twenty-first century, global warming and climate change are the two outmost challenges for the mankind and nature. Production of horticultural crops, especially the established commercial kinds of fruits, vegetables, and flowers, will perform unpredictably poorly as a result of the climate anomaly. Many horticultural crops, including apples, saffron, rhododendrons, and orchids, require a freezing temperature to flower. Since the industrial era, the concentration of tropospheric ozone (O3) has been rising and is anticipated increase future. O3 is a greenhouse gas and a secondary air pollutant. O3 molecules can cause serious health issues when inhaled by both humans and animals; it can also enter plant leaves majorly through stomata and cause considerable phytotoxic damages. Plants exposed to O3 became more sensitive to abiotic and biotic stresses. O3-induced changes in plants result in significant production and quality losses in commercial crops at the genetic, metabolic, and physiological levels. Most of the studies related to O3-induced damage are confined to the crops, for example, soybean, wheat, rice, and mustard, but the in-depth understanding related to commercial horticultural crops are far from complete. This eventually causes crops’ productivity and its quality to decline and can severely jeopardises the world's food security. This chapter aims to create understanding on the present commercial cultivars tolerant to O3-induced damages, with an especial emphasis on the horticultural crops.

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Tropospheric Ozone and Crop Production: Special Reference to Horticultural Crops and Its Associated Damages

  • Chongtham Allaylay Devi,
  • Ashutosh K. Pandey

摘要

In the twenty-first century, global warming and climate change are the two outmost challenges for the mankind and nature. Production of horticultural crops, especially the established commercial kinds of fruits, vegetables, and flowers, will perform unpredictably poorly as a result of the climate anomaly. Many horticultural crops, including apples, saffron, rhododendrons, and orchids, require a freezing temperature to flower. Since the industrial era, the concentration of tropospheric ozone (O3) has been rising and is anticipated increase future. O3 is a greenhouse gas and a secondary air pollutant. O3 molecules can cause serious health issues when inhaled by both humans and animals; it can also enter plant leaves majorly through stomata and cause considerable phytotoxic damages. Plants exposed to O3 became more sensitive to abiotic and biotic stresses. O3-induced changes in plants result in significant production and quality losses in commercial crops at the genetic, metabolic, and physiological levels. Most of the studies related to O3-induced damage are confined to the crops, for example, soybean, wheat, rice, and mustard, but the in-depth understanding related to commercial horticultural crops are far from complete. This eventually causes crops’ productivity and its quality to decline and can severely jeopardises the world's food security. This chapter aims to create understanding on the present commercial cultivars tolerant to O3-induced damages, with an especial emphasis on the horticultural crops.