The “connected automobiles” is all about private passenger cars that are connected to the internet in some form or another. Most of the contemporary road cars, including buses and Lorries, are themselves more and more advanced computer-filled systems connected to the “internet of things” (IoT). As they become more and more connected and automated, malicious individuals could easily employ numerous different kinds of attacks that put CAVs (Connected and Autonomous vehicles) in danger of being compromised. The interconnected communication systems between vehicles and infrastructure give hostile attackers remote access to attack with the purpose of taking advantage of system vulnerabilities. The added connectivity and autonomous functionality represent a powerful threat to the enormous socioeconomic gains CAVs promise. Large amounts of publicly accessible literature are reviewed and classified herein based on the discovered vulnerabilities and the countermeasures applied. This analysis demonstrates that the majority of research is reactive and that friendly opponents, or “white-hat” hackers, are frequently the ones to discover vulnerabilities. Several flaws in the knowledge base were discovered. These knowledge gaps should be addressed to minimize future cyber security issues in the connected and autonomous car industry.