This chapter examines different biomass conversion processes utilised in the production of bioenergy from microalgae. The text addresses thermochemical conversion, biochemical conversion, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), and biogas production via anaerobic digestion. Each process is analysed comprehensively, emphasising its benefits, constraints, and possible applications. This chapter offers an overview of conversion technologies, facilitating an understanding of the complexities and opportunities associated with microalgal biomass conversion. This chapter examines recent advancements and innovations in bioenergy production processes, aiming to enhance the sustainability and efficiency of microalgal biomass utilisation.