This chapter views Turkey’s foreign policy from the perspective of the transformation of the state–society nexus as well as of the interconnection between internal, international and regional developments. The text particularly focuses on the main reasons that have led to a shift in the geopolitical vision of AKP, during a very specific period, that is between the 2008 economic crisis and the outbreak of the Arab Spring in 2011. In order to achieve a comprehensive investigation regarding the influence of the internal and external aspects of Turkey’s shift in foreign policy, the present chapter adopts a Gramscian approach to the notion of hegemony, as well as Bob Jessop’s analysis on the transition to “two-nation” hegemony strategies as they emerge in periods of economic crisis and destabilisation. Based on the above, AKP’s foreign policy is treated as a componential part of a wider hegemonic project. The last part of the chapter deals with the discourse of legitimising the search for a regional hegemonic role for AKP in the short period under investigation.