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This chapter develops the mathematical and algorithmic framework for the most popular algorithmic framework for pre-fault-tolerant quantum computers: variational quantum algorithms, which are rooted in a hybrid classical-quantum optimization problem. The optimization problem for variational quantum algorithms is defined and parameter shift rules are presented for analytical computation of partial derivatives.

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Variational Algorithms: Theory

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Osama M. Raisuddin,
  • Suvranu De

摘要

This chapter develops the mathematical and algorithmic framework for the most popular algorithmic framework for pre-fault-tolerant quantum computers: variational quantum algorithms, which are rooted in a hybrid classical-quantum optimization problem. The optimization problem for variational quantum algorithms is defined and parameter shift rules are presented for analytical computation of partial derivatives.