This chapter focusses on the opportunities and challenges posed by developments in IT and AI. It reports on developments in all of the jurisdictions analysed and offers some cautionary remarks as regards the inherent power of leading organisations and the need for effective regulation. There are two reasons for focusing on IT and AI as a new challenge. The first is that it is a relatively underexplored expression of technological development influencing all languages and one which does not receive sufficient attention within the minority language and multilingualism literature. The second is that it is likely to widen the differentiation between the first official language, usually a hegemonic language such as English or Spanish, and the second, usually minoritised language such as Basque or Irish or Welsh.