Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become a vital strategy in addressing the social and environmental impacts of businesses particularly, transnational business activities. CSR is the idea that corporate organisations should consider society’s interests by being accountable for how their operations affect stakeholders and the environment. CSR core values such as community development through philanthropic and charitable giving, environmental preservation, employee and human rights, and shareholder rights. The host community is a stakeholder, and the business must establish a foundation for close engagement and collaboration in addition to helping the community expand its capability in social and economic growth. As a result, the concepts of environmental justice and CSR are intrinsically intertwined. This chapter examined global agreements on CSR as reflected in international rules and standards under UN Resolutions, the World Summit on Sustainable Development, the World Business Council for Sustainable Development Guidelines, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises. Through the provision of an African perspective on CSR, the chapter evaluate the impact of CSR in African economies. and determined cases. Results showed that CSR has advanced beyond philanthropy and has now become an ongoing obligation that businesses adopt best practices in their operations to engage local communities. Other findings reveal that businesses that follow human rights through the instrumentality of CSR create a thriving business environment that results in a win-win adventure. The chapter concludes with some recommendations in the context of sustainable development whose implementation enhances CSR in Africa. The doctrinal research is used in this chapter.