The Basic System, described by Dr. Alfred Pischinger, also known as the extracellular matrix, was an important contribution to the knowledge of human physiology and has been recognized as the center of the regulations of all the processes that occur in human beings both in the state of health and in the pathological states. This chapter describes the advances in the knowledge of vital phenomena and therapeutic approaches from different conceptions, identifying that the concept of the extracellular matrix is a fundamental point of reference. It is considered that neuraltherapeutic medicine through the use of micro-doses of local anesthetics applied to the interfering fields, can be an important contribution to the solution of alterations of the Basic System.