The prevalence of obesity has increased rapidly and is a key risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2B) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which are the leading cause of death globally. Dairy products contribute significantly to children’s and adults’ nutrient intake, yet due to relatively high saturated fat content, the health benefits of dairy products have come under question. This chapter provides an overview of the current evidence, mainly from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on dairy product consumption and the risk of obesity, T2D, and CVD. The data review suggests that milk and certain dairy products are not related or inversely related to obesity in children. In adults, milk and dairy product consumption improves body composition and enhances weight loss during energy restriction diets, while it has a neutral effect on body weight in isoenergetic diets. Prospective cohort studies suggested that consuming dairy products with regular or low-fat content does not adversely affect the risk of T2D or CVD outcomes and may have a protective effect. The proposed mechanisms underlying the effect of dairy nutrients on obesity and cardiometabolic disease have not been elucidated but include a beneficial role of calcium, dairy fat, and proteins on fat metabolism and excretion, appetite, and the metabolic activity of gut microbiota. Many uncertainties remain, including the effects of different dairy products and fat content. In conclusion, as part of a balanced diet, dairy product consumption may protect against the risk of obesity, T2D, and CVD.